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Pinus strobus

Pinus from Latin pinus (pine tree). strobus from a Greek or Latin word of uncertain origin, possibly related to strobos (twisted, whirling), perhaps referring to the cone structure, or from an old name for an incense-bearing tree.

Eastern White Pine

Pinaceae

Distinguishing Features

  • Needles in fascicles (bundles) of 5 — the only eastern North American pine with 5-needle clusters
  • Needles soft, flexible, blue-green, 5–13 cm long, with fine white stomatal lines on inner faces
  • Long, slender, cylindrical cones (8–20 cm), often curved, with thin, flexible scales tipped with resin
  • Bark smooth and gray-green when young, developing deep furrows and broad, flat-topped ridges with age
  • Distinctive horizontal branching pattern, giving mature trees a flat-topped, layered silhouette
  • Tallest conifer in eastern North America — mature trees commonly reach 30–50 m

Habitat

Well-drained sandy soils, rocky ridges, old fields, and mixed hardwood-conifer forests. Shade-tolerant when young. Grows in a range of soil conditions but prefers moist, well-drained, slightly acidic soils.

Bloom Period

May to June (cones)

Native Range

Eastern North America from Newfoundland and Manitoba south along the Appalachians to Georgia, and west to Minnesota and Iowa

Notes

Historically the most important timber tree in colonial North America — tall, straight trunks were reserved for Royal Navy ship masts under the King's Broad Arrow policy, contributing to colonial resentment. Inner bark is edible in emergency. Needle tea is rich in vitamin C. Highly susceptible to white pine blister rust (Cronartium ribicola) and white pine weevil.

Tags

Biogeography
native
Life Form
treeconifer
Phenology
perennialevergreen
Ethnobotany
ediblemedicinal